Stokes law, reynolds number, and measuring liquid viscosity. They determined the terminal velocity of the stacks of filters. A typical skydiver in a spreadeagle position will reach terminal velocity after about 12. Freefall laboratory answer key download student exploration. Under the conditions of this lab, the objects you will drop coffee filters will reach terminal. Drag coefficient and settling velocity for particles of cylindrical shape article pdf available in powder technology 1832. We almost always neglect air resistance by assuming it is so small as to be. An experiment from which you can calculate terminal velocity. Investigate the time required to reach or approach terminal velocity. Air resistance depends on the objects surface area and its velocity. Samples of student report sections the report sections that follow are from various experiments. Terminal velocity lab coffee filters free pdf ebooks.
Use this worksheet to predict your terminal velocity in the wind tunnel. Raindrops fall at a much lower terminal velocity, and a mist of tiny oil droplets. Also, it is commonly known that halo hialtitude, loopening infantry reaches terminal velocity before their chutes open. To simplify our approach, we will allow the ball to reach terminal velocity prior to making the time measurements. Unitoperations 3 2 minimum velocity of fluidization the minimum velocity at which a bed of particles. Terminal velocity lab report 1 by vanessageedesigns issuu. List of limitations and improvements of physics lab. The effect of area on the terminal velocity of a falling object. The increase in velocity is accompanied by an increase in air resistance drag. At this point, the minimum fluidization velocity, the bed becomes fluidized, and the bed height blue line increases. Terminal velocity, steady speed achieved by an object freely falling through a gas or liquid. The terminal velocity of an object is the speed at which the force of drag equals the force of gravity on that object. This final constant velocity of motion is called a terminal velocity. Kinematics and terminal velocity harvard university.
Pdf determination of viscosity from terminal velocity of a falling sphere undergraduate laboratory experience find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. A typical terminal velocity for a parachutist who delays opening the chute is about 150 miles 240 kilometres per hour. The reason for this discrepancy, of course, is the drag force due to air resistance. A lab scale experiment to measure terminal velocity of volcanic ash.
Terminal velocity abstract the lab that our class has conducted observes and verifies the relationship that exists between an objects mass and its terminal velocity during free fall, while keeping the surface area that is perpendicular to the ground constant. The physics classroom grants teachers and other users the right to print this pdf document and to download this pdf document for private use. The object is dropped at time t 0, then proceeds through t 1 and t 2 before reaching terminal velocity at time t 3. Since the sphere is falling with constant velocity there is a. Terminal velocity occurs when the weight of the object our coffee filters exactly equals the upwardly directed air resistance. Take a look at the definitions and equations of the terms, how they are related, and how fast a body falls in free fall or at terminal velocity under different conditions.
This lab that our entire class have conducted deals with the relationship of an objects physical surface area to time it takes to hit terminal. The most important constant for this lab is maintaining the same surface area that is dropped each time. The purpose of this lab was to find the relationship between an objects terminal velocity and its mass. Two readings of d and l not enoughonly two readings too few readings. The pdf version of the teacher toolkit on the topic of air resistance and terminal velocity is displayed below.
Pdf determination of viscosity from terminal velocity of a falling. Eventually the air resistance acting upwards on the objects equals the weight acting downwards. Kinematics and terminal velocity october 19, 2006 introduction preparation before coming to lab, you should have read the lab handout on uncertainty and measurement, as well as completed lab 1. In this lab, we will explore a regime where air resistance is not only strong. During your flight, an instructor will record your actual terminal velocity. Kinematics and terminal velocity instructional physics lab. Student exploration freefall laboratory answer key by.
Experiments on the viscosity and freezing point of a. Pdf drag coefficient and settling velocity for particles. A new method of accurate calculation of the coefficient of viscosity of a test liquid from experimentally measured terminal velocity of a ball falling in the test liquid. Suppose you dropped a feather and a hammer at the same time. Student exploration freefall laboratory answer key. Include any equations you would use or calculations you would make. The terminal velocity in ms factoring in assuming that the velocity. The only formula i can think of is fma, but i dont see how that is relevent. Pdf in newtonian physics, free fall is any motion of a body where its weight is the. Coffee filter lab as objects fall, they increase their speed due to the. Pdf a labscale experiment to measure terminal velocity. Because we are unclear about what effect the surface area may have on the terminal velocity, we shall keep it as constant as we can by using the same coffee filter.
Determine the terminal velocity for each size ball as it falls through the glycerol. A common experiment in physics classes involves the use of basket coffee filters to determine how the mass of a falling object relates to its terminal velocity. Learning objectives and relevant standards are also included in the pdf version of the complete toolkit. In this experiment we will use stokes law and the concept of terminal velocity to determine the viscosity of glycerin. Pdf determination of viscosity from terminal velocity of. Models of air resistance aka drag that include the effects of surface area and velocity typically take the form fdrag kav t p, where k is a constant, a is the surface area, v t is the terminal velocity, and p is the power relationship used in the model for terminal velocity. What can a skydiver do to change their terminal velocity. This lab was very interesting to me because i was able to predict and reason out. Because the terminal velocity, u t, is a constant for a. Derive the equation for your predicted terminal velocity.
Terminal velocity worksheet high school use this worksheet to predict your terminal velocity in the wind tunnel. Chemical engineering laboratory 3, ce 427 packed and fluidized bed experiment introduction packed and fluidized beds play a major role in many chemical engineering processes. At terminal velocity, how will the vertical forces on a skydiver compare. During the experiment we had to calculate the average time and final speed to obtain the terminal velocity of the balloon. In newtonian physics, free fall is any motion of a body where gravity is the only force acting. The details of the minimum velocity depend upon a number of factors, including the shape, size, density, and polydispersity of the particles. Terminal velocity is the maximum speed a falling object will reach before the air resistance force balances out gravitational force. Velocity to bring up the manual column options dialog box. Terminal velocity is the maximum velocity a object can reach when falling to earth with only the acceleration due to gravity acting on them. In order to conduct this experiment, we will use video. Terminal velocity lab coffee filters free pdf ebook. Terminal velocity and free fall are two related concepts that tend to get confusing because they depend on whether or not a body is in empty space or in a fluid e.
Ive heard the term especially when the discovery channel is covering something about sky diving. Laboratory analysis of settling velocities of wastewater particles in seawater using holography by rueenfang theresa wang eql report no. The terminal velocity value is the final, constant velocity value achieved by the falling object. Magnetic braking force and the terminal speed of the magnet if m is the mass of the falling magnet, then its motion, due to its weight mg and the magnetic braking force f, is given by newtons second law as m dv dt mg. Make sure that you are actually measuring the terminal velocity by measuring the velocity of. Viscosity stokes law viscosity is a property of uids liquids and gases which determines how much resistance is experienced by an object trying to move through the uid. The purpose of this lab was to calculate the terminal velocity of a balloon that had four quarters attached to it. Compare and contrast the terminal velocity of a falling sheet of paper noncrumpled and a falling.
After completing a sufficient number of trails, we created a graph to represent the data received, making it. Describe an experiment that could be carried out in order to measure the terminal velocity of an object falling under gravity. Terminal velocity background information and purpose remember that we say an object is in free fall when the only force acting on it is the earths gravitational force. Stokes law is a proposition that relates the drag force experienced by a falling sphere to the spheres constant velocity in a liquid of known viscosity. As galileo argued, if heavier objects fell faster, then two masses tied together should fall faster than either object by itself. A labscale experiment to measure terminal velocity.
Terminal velocity is the fastest an object will move solely under the influence of gravity. One lab partner then proceeds to swing the apparatus, while the other one times how long it takes for the system to. In addition, you should be familiar with the material in chapters 2, 4 and 5 of giancoli. Determine the viscosity of an unknown fluid 1 at your lab station you will find several different sizes of spheres of different materials. Coffee filter lab as objects fall, they increase their speed due to the numbers of pleated coffee filters tightly together and analyzed the motion of the stacks of filters. Later, you will compare the two values and see how close your prediction was. Conclusion in this lab we were able to learn how mass and surface area affects the terminal velocity of an object. View lab report samterminal vel pdf from che 341 at university of ilorin. Terminal velocity occurs when the iflyer is stable, or. Physics 101 lab manual princeton physics princeton university. Experiments on the viscosity and freezing point of a starch water mixture chunyang ding physics department, interlake high school, washington 98008. A group of physics students are investigating the terminal velocity. The overall force on the object is balance or zero.
687 828 240 1545 748 468 959 1418 804 670 1589 388 167 177 534 848 545 1006 457 674 225 623 1119 1317 645 39 426 61 897 597 319 145 109 379 1611 665 562 1447 866 250 1135 829 853